There are two main types: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is unrelated to alcohol consumption, and alcoholic fatty liver disease, caused by excessive alcohol consumption.
The former is the most common and is usually associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol, and a sedentary lifestyle.
In the early stages, fatty liver disease may not cause any discomfort.
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However, in more advanced cases, some people experience fatigue, discomfort in the upper right abdomen, and liver inflammation.
If the condition progresses without treatment, it can develop into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, or even liver cancer.
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Diagnosis is usually made through blood tests, abdominal ultrasound, and, in more complex cases, liver biopsy. Although there is no specific drug treatment for NAFLD, effective management relies on lifestyle changes.
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Gradual weight loss (approximately 7 to 10% of body weight), a balanced diet low in saturated fats and refined sugars, and regular exercise (at least 150 minutes per week) are key to reversing the condition.
In addition, it is recommended to avoid alcohol consumption, quit smoking, and control associated diseases such as diabetes and hypertension.
The liver has a great regenerative capacity, so adopting healthy habits can allow for partial or complete recovery in many cases.
Consulting a doctor is essential to establish an appropriate treatment and follow-up plan.
In short, fatty liver is a common but reversible condition if detected early and corrective measures are taken. Preventing its onset is possible through a healthy diet and an active lifestyle.